《鲁班经》的匠俗文化及其批判

Craftsmen’s Folk Culture in LuBan Jing and its Criticism

《鲁班经》是中国古代民间匠俗信仰文化的集大成文本,集中体现出中国古代工匠在时间、空间与物质层面的民俗信仰。《鲁班经》宇宙信仰体系是中国古代工匠的自然观、道德观与伦理观的结构性整体出场,它不仅实现了对中国古代民间匠俗文化的“以事为纲、以神为目”的叙事化表述与体系性创构,还维系了民间工匠的组织系统、思想伦理与行业操守,更创生了具有中华民族特色的体系性匠俗文化。不过,中国古代的匠俗信仰间接影响营造科学的发展,且有阻碍古代营造科学发展之嫌疑。

LuBan Jing is a comprehensive text of Chinese ancient folk craftsmen belief culture, which embodies Chinese ancient craftsmen’s folk belief in time, space and material level. The cosmic belief system in LuBan Jing is the structural whole appearance of the world outlook, moral outlook and ethical outlook of ancient Chinese craftsmen. It not only realizes the narrative expression and systematic creation of the ancient folk craftsmen culture of China, which regards the matter as the outline and the God as the goal, but also maintains the organizational system, ideological ethics and professional ethics of the folk craftsmen, and creates the systematic craftsmen culture with Chinese characteristics. However, the craftsmen’s beliefs in ancient Chinese indirectly influenced the development of architectural science and hindered the development of ancient architectural science.