困境与调适:高校特殊学生群体抗逆力培育

Adversity and Adjustment: Resilience Training Strategies of Special College Student Communities

高校特殊学生群体是高校教育管理工作的重点,也是高校思想政治教育工作者的重要面向。这一特殊群体在生理、心理、学业、经济等方面往往身处困境,容易导致心理与行为的失调,甚至出现极端事件,更需要应对与调适。作为阐释个体如何面对与战胜逆境的重要理论,抗逆力理论为高校特殊学生群体思想政治工作带来新视角。文章运用抗逆力理论重构高校特殊学生群体的优势,聚焦其自主发展的能动性,通过培育个体内在保护因子和家庭、学校、社区等外在保护因子的方式,构建高校特殊学生群体自主性能力提升支持体系,激活他们的内在潜能,培育其应对逆境的抗逆力。

The special college student communities keep a core position in college education management, and the same is true for ideological and political counselors. These communities often live in a disadvantaged situation in terms of physiology, psychology, academics, and finance. It is quite liable for them to present psychological, behavioral disorders, and even get involved in extreme incidents, who urgently demands proper tackling and adaptation. The resilience theory brings about a new perspective of the ideological and political education to special college communities, to theoretically explain how individuals face up with and overcome those adversities. The article applies the resilience theory to reconstruct the advantages of special college student communities, and focuses on their independent development initiatives. The autonomy of these special student communities can be built up through the cultivation of an individual’s intrinsic protection factors and external protection factors from the family, school and community. A support system construction among these special college student communities helps activate their intrinsic potential, and cultivate their resilience against adversity.