全蝎最细粉长期毒性实验研究

Long-Term Toxicity of the Buthus Martensii Karsch Superfine Powder

目的探讨全蝎最细粉对大鼠的长期毒性,明确剂量-毒性反应关系及毒性靶器官。方法将88只SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别用全蝎最细粉高、中、低3个剂量[0.8,0.4,0.2 g/(kg·d)]和等体积0.9%氯化钠溶液灌胃给药10周。停药4周后,对大鼠的一般行为、生理指标,血液学、血液生化学指标、大脑湿质量和肾系数等进行观察和检测,并对各脏器进行组织病理学检查。结果灌胃给药10周后,低剂量组的淋巴细胞百分比(LYMPH%)低于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。灌胃给药第4周,与阴性对照组比较,高剂量组的天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)较高(P<0.05);灌胃给药第10周,高剂量组的AST和低剂量组的尿素氮(BUN)显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05);停药恢复期,高剂量组的AST和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。血钠(Na)、三酰甘油(TG)、总蛋白(TP)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血糖(Glu)虽有统计学差异,但并未反映出脏器毒性。停药恢复期,中、低剂量组大鼠大脑湿质量显著高于阴性对照组,低剂量组肾系数显著低于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。给药第4周,各组未发现明显组织学变化;给药第10周,各给药组大鼠肺、肝、肾、睾丸均发生病变;停药恢复期,各给药组大鼠肺、肾均发生病变。结论全蝎最细粉长期毒性主要的毒性靶器官可能为肝、肺和肾。

Objective To investigate the long-term toxicity of the Buthus martensii Karch superfine powder to animals,and to clarify the dose-toxicity relationship and toxic target organs.Methods Totally 88 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups.The rats in the four groups were given intragastric administration of high,medium and low dosage of Buthus martensii Karch superfine powder[0.8,0.4,0.2 g/(kg·d)] and the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution for 10 weeks,respectively.Four weeks after withdrawal,the general behavior and physiological indexes,hematology,blood biochemical indexes,wet weight of brain and kidney coefficient of rats were observed and detected,and the histopathological examination was performed on all organs.Results After 10 weeks of intragastric administration,the percentage of lymphocyte(LYMPH%) in the low dosage group was lower than that in the negative control group(P<0.05).Compared with that in the negative control group,the level of aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in the high dosage group was higher in the 4 th week of intragastric administration(P<0.05).The level of blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in the high dosage group and the low dosage group was significantly higher than that in the negative control group in the 10 th week of intragastric administration(P<0.05).During the recovery period after withdrawal,the levels of AST and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in the high dosage group were significantly higher than those in the negative control group(P<0.05).The serum sodium(Na),triglyceride(TG),total protein(TP),creatine kinase(CK) and glucose(Glu) in the four groups had statistical differences,but they did not reflect the toxicity of organs.During the recovery period after withdrawal,the wet weight of rats' brain in the medium and low dosage groups was significantly higher than that in the negative control group,and the kidney coefficient of rats in the low dosage group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group(P<0.05).No obvious histological changes were found in each group in the 4 th week of administration,the pathological changes of lung,liver,kidney and testis were found in all groups in the 10 th week of administration,and the pathological changes of lung and kidney were found in all groups during the recovery period after withdrawal.Conclusion Liver,lung and kidney may be the main target organs of long-term toxicity of Buthus martensii Karch superfine powder.