广州海珠湿地红树林大型底栖动物群落结构

The Macrofauna Community Structure of Mangrove in Haizhu Wetland in Guangzhou

为了给广东省广州市海珠国家湿地公园后期建设植物树种的配置和管理提供有效的参考数据,对该湿地7种人工红树林和光滩中的大型底栖动物群落进行了比较研究.结果显示:8种湿地间大型底栖动物群落结构差异显著.等级聚类和非参数多变量标序也支持这一结果.研究还显示:7种红树林湿地底栖动物栖息密度、生物量、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)和Margalef物种丰富度指数(d)均大于光滩,这说明种植红树植物有利于增加湿地底栖动物的多样性.2011年种植的人工红树林湿地中底栖动物栖息密度、生物量、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)和Pielou均匀度指数(J′)均高于2014年种植的人工红树林湿地.BIOENV分析显示湿地大型底栖动物丰度受红树植物平均树高的影响,说明随着人工红树林林龄的增加,植被的修复可提高湿地中底栖动物生物量和多样性.

In order to provide effective reference data for plant configuration and management in the later construction of Haizhu National Wetland Park in Guangzhou,Guangdong Province,we conducted a comparative study on the macrobenthos community in seven artificial mangroves and bare flat in the wetland.The results showed that the macrobenthos community structure was significantly different among the 8 wetlands,and the hierarchical clustering and nonparametric multivariate scaling also supported this result.The study also showed that the habitat density,biomass,Shannon-Wiener diversity index( H′) and Margalef species richness index( d ) of the seven mangrove wetlands were higher than that of the bare flat,which indicated that planting mangrove plants was beneficial to the increase of benthic animal species diversity in wetlands.In addition,the density,biomass,Shannon-Wiener diversity index( H′) and Pielou evenness index( J′) of benthic animals in artificial mangrove wetlands planted in 2011 were higher than those of artificial mangrove wetlands planted in 2014.BIOENV analysis showed that the abundance of macrobenthos in wetland was affected by the average tree height of mangrove plants,indicating that with the increase of artificial mangrove forest age,the restoration of vegetation can increase the biomass and diversity of benthic animals in wetlands.