灯下舞影千古事 怡情不觉五更寒——大连非物质文化遗产研究之二

Study on Intangible Cultural Heritage in Dalian(Ⅱ)

中国的皮影艺术源远流长,并形成了不同的地域流派。仅就大连地区而言,在复州(今瓦房店)、普兰店、庄河和金州(含旅顺)一线就曾活跃着流派不同,风格迥异的皮影艺术。大连地区的皮影戏主要是受到河北滦州和山东登州两地皮影的影响,并在其基础上结合地方特点,注重融会贯通不断发展而来的。由于社会时代的变迁,大连地区的皮影艺术趋于萧条冷落。时至今日,皮影艺术作为一项非物质文化遗产,其传承和发展已经到了最关键的时期。近年来,大连市地方政府为保护和抢救非物质文化遗产做了大量的工作,但作为皮影艺术仍处在一种举步维艰的困境之中。演出市场的萎缩,演艺队伍的后继乏人,演出剧目缺少创新等都是我们今天所不能忽视的问题。

Chinese shadow play enjoys a long history with various styles.Only take Dalian for example,there used to be prosperous shadow plays of different schools and styles in the area of Fuzhou (now Wafangdian),Purandian, Zhuanhe and Jinzhou (including Lvshun).Shadow play in Dalian is mainly influenced by Luanzhou in Hebei and Dengzhou in Shandong,and based on that,the shadow play is integrated with local characteristics and other elements,and gradually developed.With the change of the times,the shadow play is declining,and its inheritance and promotion have been at the most critical moment as an intangible cultural heritage.Over the last several year,the government of Dalian has done a lot to protect and rescue the intangible cultural heritage,however,shadow play is still facing dilemma.The sluggish performance market,the scarcity of performers and the lack of innovation in those performed plays are all the problems to be addressed.