教育培训对农户生活垃圾分类处理行为影响的一个经济学解释

An economic explanation of the influence of education and training on the classification and treatment behavior of household wastes

农村生活垃圾处理长期以来都是一个难题,推行生活垃圾分类制度、培养农户生活垃圾分类处理行为成为关键。本文从微观经济学理论基础出发,构建以农户为理性经济人为前提的农户生活垃圾分类处理行为决策模型,并从理论上证明了教育培训在农户生活垃圾分类处理行为中的促进作用。同时,农户生活垃圾分类处理存在农户意识不强、教育培训投入不足、经济效益不高等问题。因此,需要发挥多主体作用参与农村人居环境整治,加大农户教育培训力度、经济激励与精神激励双管齐下引导农户采取生活垃圾分类处理行为,使之内化为农户的一种生活习惯。

The treatment of rural domestic garbage has long been a problem. It is the key to implement the classification system of domestic garbage and cultivate the classification and treatment of household waste. Based on the theoretical foundation of microeconomics, this paper constructs a decision-making model for the classification and treatment of household wastes based on the rationality of farmers, and theoretically proves the promotion of education and training in the classification and treatment of household waste. At the same time, the classification and treatment of household wastes has problems such as poor farmers’ awareness, insufficient investment in education and training, and low economic benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to play a multi-subject role to participate in the renovation of human settlements, increase the education and training of farmers, economic incentives and spiritual incentives to guide farmers to adopt the classification and treatment of domestic waste, and internalize it into a living habit of farmers.