美国农作物收入保险的运营体系及其对我国的启示

Development of Crop Revenue Insurance in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China

农作物收入保险是粮食最低收购价等直接价格支持政策逐步退出后的重要发展方向。本文分析了美国农作物收入保险的发展历程,阐述其运行机制,重点总结了美国农作物收入保险产品在“价格、产量、保障水平”数据确定,投保单元设置和费率、补贴率的确定等方面的特色,对比分析中国和美国农作物收入保险典型产品设计,认为我国应加快保险产品制度设计、丰富产品种类、提高保障水平以及加大保障补贴力度。

Crop revenue insurance is an important development direction after the gradual withdrawal of direct grain price support policy,such as floor purchase price policy.This paper analyses the development course of crop revenue insurance in the United States,elaborates its operating mechanism,and summarizes the characteristics of crop income insurance products in the United States in terms of data determination of“price,yield and guarantee level”,setting of insurance unit,rate of premium and subsidy,and compares and analyses the typical product design of crop income insurance in China and the United States.It is necessary to speed up the design,enrich product varieties,improve level and increase subsidies of revenue insurance in China.