《豳风》“周公之东”解——周公“用夏变夷”与《豳风》东传入鲁

The Meaning of “Zhou Gong Zhi Dong”——Research on the Political Intentions of Bin Feng’s Eastward Transmission

《豳风》与《秦风》同源豳地,本为“周之旧”。周公东征将自尊为“夏声”的“周之旧”东传,故谓“周公之东”。《豳风》及其东传,体现了周公与鲁国“纳上下于道德”“用夏变夷”的文化政策与统治方略。其中,《七月》东传是周公在殷遗地区推行“大聚”政策与劝农授时之礼的表现;《伐柯》之用反映了周公对周殷婚俗的调和敦饬。鲁国贯彻“法则周公”之命,曾是周公所制之礼最有力的执行者。鲁僖公时模仿周公“制礼作乐”,鲁国所行周公之礼与鲁僖公所行周礼日渐混同,春秋后期鲁国礼乐废驰,周公之礼日益消亡,《豳》也逐渐丧失礼用。

The spread of Bin Feng to the east reflects the ruling policy of Zhou Gong and the state of Lu in the east,which use Zhou’s culture packaged as Xia’s culture to overcome and replace the advanced Shang culture.The spread of Qiyue to the east reflects the social order which Zhou Gong tries to establish.The centers of the social order are agricultural activity and clan settlement.The use of Fake in the east reflects the reform of the marriage customs by Zhou Gong.