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TKA术前股骨髁精确截骨的影像学分析 被引量:2

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摘要 目的MRI及X线片测量正常人及膝骨关节炎患者股骨髁解剖标志变化,为TKA股骨髁精确截骨提供依据。方法选择因慢性疼痛就诊的膝骨关节炎患者73例(84膝),分为内翻轻度组20膝、内翻中度组34膝、内翻重度组10膝及外翻组20膝,膝关节软组织损伤及部分健康成人115膝作为正常组。回顾5组膝关节MRI及X线片资料,MRI测量股骨髁whiteside′s线与外科髁上轴SEA的夹角(W-S角)及后髁线PCL与外科髁上轴SEA的夹角(后髁角PCA),下肢全长站立X线片测量股骨机械轴与股骨髁远端切线的夹角(髋髁角HCA),对比各组参数差异。结果正常组中W-S角、后髁角PCA及髋髁角HCA在不同性别、侧别、年龄分组间差异均无统计学意义;各组中W-S角均接近直角,五组间差异无统计学意义;正常组PCA平均为4.80,内翻重度组PCA较其他组明显减小,平均为2.9,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),外翻组PCA轻度增加,平均为5.02,差异无统计意义;髋髁角HCA在内翻重度组明显减小,外翻组HCA明显增大,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论MRI能有效评价股骨髁测量截骨旋转解剖标志的变化,术前有必要影像学测量个体化差异;W-S角接近于直角,受关节炎磨损影响较小;正常人PCA角平均4.8,内翻重度关节炎患者PCA明显减小,为内侧后髁磨损所致;内翻骨关节炎髋髁角逐渐减小同样为磨损所致,而外翻骨关节炎髋髁角明显增大,存在外侧远端髁发育不良,但外侧后髁不存在相关发育异常。
出处 《山东医药》 CAS 2019年第28期83-85,共3页 Shandong Medical Journal
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