西方马克思主义消费主义批判的四重维度

The Four Dimensions of Criticism on Consumerism of Western Marxism

西方马克思主义从制度、文化、人性以及生态等角度展开对消费主义的现实批判,阐释了消费主义的发生机制和严重后果。消费主义是现代资本主义维持统治制度的新形式,大众传媒制造虚假需求催生的消费主义文化将人贬低为失去自我、精神空虚、道德沦丧的消费机器,造成威胁人类生存和人类文明延续的全球生态危机。西方马克思主义把对消费主义的批判同对社会制度的批判相结合,是生态批判和政治批判以及意识形态批判的统一,对于人们理顺需要与商品、消费与幸福的关系,树立健康的消费模式和生活方式,促进不必要的私人消费转向人道而又能促进经济增长的社会性消费具有现实意义。

The Western Marxism not only explains a direct causal relationship between consumption and the ecological environment problem, but also from the specific perspective of social system, explains the political source, economic motivation, culture drive and the serious consequences. Consumerism is a new form of contemporary cap.alism to maintain legitimacy. Consumerism sub-culture created by mass media made many consumer machines who lost their self-consciousness and personality, causing the global ecological crisis threatening the existence and continuation of human civilization. Criticism on consumerism of Western Marxism developed Marxism theories, enlightens us to establish healthy consumption patterns and lifestyles, to promote interactive development of human, society and nature.