20世纪中叶以来西藏城市“厕所革命”述论

“The Toilet Revolution” in the Cities of Tibet since the Mid of Twentieth Century

"厕所革命"不仅是一种物质基础设施建设,更是一种观念革命,对于推动城市建设,改善人居环境,满足人们群众对美好生活的向往有着重要的意义。旧西藏的厕所和环境卫生建设极少被关注,城市居住环境脏、乱、差。民主改革后,在党中央的统一的领导下,西藏城市开始了新的建设,城市厕所和环境卫生得到很大改善,人们的卫生意识和习惯有了变迁。改革开放以后,西藏城市对于厕所环境整治力度加大,效果也更加显著,但相比内地城市仍然落后。党的十八大以来,西藏根据习近平总书记的指示,开启了"厕所革命"的新高潮。文章通过分析半个世纪以来西藏城市公共厕所的发展变迁,展现了西藏城市人居环境的变迁和文明的进步。

In Tibet,very little attention was paid to the construction of toilets and environmental sanitation before 1950 s.Since toilets were very crude,urban residential environment was dirty and seriously polluted with people defecating on the roadsides.After the Tibet Peaceful Liberation and Democratic Reform in1950 s,the cities in Tibet started its new construction under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee,meanwhile,the condition of toilets and environmental sanitation were improved a lot,and modern health consciousness and public awareness was infused into the Tibetan people.The number of toilets was increasing with improved quality,and the people’s sanitation concept was changing.The more efforts were devoted to the toilet environment improvement in cities of Tibet after the reform and opening-up of China,which was highly effective,but it was still backward compared with inland cities.Ever since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,Tibet began a new upsurge of"Toilet Revolution"according to the directive from General Secretary Xi Jinping."Toilet Revolution"is not only infrastructure,but more importantly,it’s a revolution of ideology.The promotion of civilized idea has an important significance for the construction of Tibet ecological city,improvement of human settlement and meeting people’s aspirations for better life.