面向叙词表更新的新术语分布特征研究

Research on the Distribution Characteristics of New Terminology for the Update of the Thesaurus

[目的/意义]为增强叙词表实用性,需要不断地将领域中出现的新术语更新到叙词表中,更新维护过程中,从时间及词频等角度对新术语分布特征进行探索研究,可以为新术语发现方法提供参考。[方法/过程]基于新术语相关特征,结合对应文档频率在时间点和时间段上的发展分布,通过相关统计分析,研究术语在不同成长时期的分布特征,尤其界定术语在开始期与成长期的分布差异。[结果/结论]实证分析表明新术语一般处于术语发展的成长期,当候选新术语保持正向增长趋势超过一定年限,可以认为该术语同时具有新颖性、时间持续性及术语性特征。基于该分布特征进行领域新术语的识别,结合词表编制专家的判断,该方法在新术语收录判断中具有较高的准确率,且能有效识别实际应用中占比较多的低频词。

[Purpose/significance]In order to enhance the practicability of thesaurus,it is necessary to constantly update new terms in the field to thesaurus.In the process of updating and maintenance,we should explore the distribution characteristics of new terms from the perspective of time and frequency,which can provide reference for the method of discovering new terms.[Method/process]Based on the relevant characteristics of the new terminology,combined with the development distribution of the corresponding document frequency at time point and period,through the relevant statistical analysis,the distribution of terminologies in different development periods is studied,especially the characteristics of terminologies from the beginning to the maturity.[Result/conclusion]It is proved that the new terminology is generally in the growth stage of terminology.When the candidate new terminology keeps positive growth trend for more than a certain number of years,it is considered that the term has all novelty,time persistence and terminological features.Based on the distribution characteristics,the article selects a subject area to discover its new terminology.According to the judgment of the expert,the method has a high accuracy rate in the judgment of new term,and can effectively identify the low frequency words which are more occupied in practical applications.