近年来民国人物评价过度阐释问题的检讨

A Review of the Overinterpretation of the Character Evaluation of the Republic of China in Recent Years

自1990年代以来,文学界所言及的过度阐释亦成为历史研究,特别是民国历史人物评价中一个较为凸显的现象。这一现象的产生是多种因素综合作用的结果,其中,西方多元史学思潮对唯物史观的冲击、史家研究能力层次参差不齐以及学界之外话语和公共舆论的影响较为突出。因之,化解过度阐释问题的关键是加强马克思主义唯物史观的理论指导,提高自身研究技能和正确解读史料的能力,以及秉持“据事直书”的治史理念。惟其如此,方能端正民国历史人物评价的“天平”。

Since 1990s, the over-interpretation by the literary circle has become a prominent phenomenon in historical studies, especially in the evaluation of historical figures in the Republic of China. The emergence of this phenomenon is the result of multiple factors, among which the impact of western pluralistic historiography on historical materialism, the uneven level of historians’ research ability, and the influence of discourse and public opinion outside the academic circle are more prominent. Therefore, the key to solve the problem of over-interpretation is to strengthen the theoretical guidance of marxist historical materialism, improve their research skills and ability to correctly interpret historical materials, as well as uphold the concept of “according to the facts” in studying history. Only in this way, can we evaluate the historical figures in the Republic of China correctly.