乡村教师心理需求对工作投入的影响:组织承诺的中介作用

The Influence of Rural Teachers’ Psychological Needs on Job Involvement:Organizational Commitment? Acting as Intermediary

为探究组织承诺在乡村教师心理需求与工作投入之间的中介效应,采用乡村教师心理需求问卷、工作投入问卷和组织承诺问卷,对125名随机选取的乡村教师进行了调查研究。结果发现:乡村教师心理需求、工作投入和组织承诺水平处于中等以上水平;乡村教师归属需求因子、心理需求总分、情感承诺因子与工作投入3个因子及总分间存在显著正相关,乡村教师的自主需求因子与工作投入3个因子及总分间存在显著负相关;心理需求对工作投入和情感承诺具有显著预测作用,情感承诺不仅对工作投入具有显著预测作用,而且在心理需求和工作投入之间起到了部分中介效应。应该继续加大乡村教师的专业支持力度、薪资待遇和社会地位的改善幅度,提升其心理需求满足感;赋予乡村教师更多的教学和工作管理自主权,鼓励其作为课堂教学的第一负责人,大胆进行教学方法的创新,激发其工作自主性;多途径改善乡村教师的情感承诺,各级各类教育主管部门要重视和加大乡村教师情感承诺的科学管理,通过提升其情感承诺,提升其心理需求满足感,促进其以积极心态投入教育教学工作;乡村教师要积极调整自身心态,以饱满的工作热情和积极的情感投入到乡村教育教学工作中,以卓越教师标准为参照,通过有效的工作投入达成教学绩效的提升。

This paper,aiming to explore the intermediary role organizational commitment acts between rural teachers psychological needs and job involvement,conducted questionnaires about rural teachers psychological needs,their job involvement and organizational commitment.Altogether,125 rural teachers participated in this survey.The results showed that:first,rural teachers psychological needs,job involvement and organizational commitment were all above mid-level;second,there was significant positive correlation among rural teachers belonging need factor,total score of psychological needs,emotional commitment factor and three factors as well as total score of job involvement;third,there was significant negative correlation between rural teachers autonomous need factor and three factors as well as total score of job involvement;fourth,psychological needs had significant predictive effect on job involvement and emotional commitment;fifth,emotional commitment not only had significant predictive effect on job involvement,but also acted as intermediary between psychological needs and job involvement.From above,it is advisable that on the one hand,the government should first,double efforts to support rural teachers professional development,their salary and social status in order to improve their sense of satisfaction;second,grant rural teachers more power in teaching and management,encourage them to shoulder main responsibilities and innovate teaching methods so as to kindle their autonomy and enthusiasm for work;third,improve rural teachers emotional commitment through a variety of channels,which requires relevant authorities at all levels pay more attention to and strengthen scientific management to improve their emotional commitment,their sense of satisfaction in an effort to encourage rural teachers to devote themselves in teaching with a positive attitude.On the other hand,rural teachers themselves should first,actively adjust their mentality and make a commitment to rural education equipped with enthusiasm and positivity;second,follow the steps of excellent teachers,and improve their own teaching ability through effective job involvement.