“三农”保险促进农村长效脱贫的作用机制及对策研究

Study on the Mechanism and Countermeasure of "Three Rural" Insurance to Promote Long-term Poverty Alleviation in Rural Areas

精准扶贫政策实施几年以来已取得显著成效,但是稳固扶贫成效、稳定实现“两不愁三保障”目标任务仍然艰巨。文章分析了当前农村居民贫困的现实困境,其中各类风险事故是造成脱贫困难的根源性因素,而保险是解决风险事故造成的贫困的最有效手段。在此基础上,通过函数模型创新阐释了“三农”保险对于长效脱贫的作用机制与内在机理,保险天然具有风险防范、扶危救困的职能,是实现农村脱贫长效机制的最有效手段之一。最后,提出加强“三农”保险宣传,提升农村居民保险意识;创新“三农”保险政策,实施差异化定位;创新保险产品开发,适应低收入农户需求;创新“三农”保险扶贫模式,提升扶贫资金效率;加强保险公司风险管理,建立健全风险管控体系等对策建议。

The implementation of the Poverty Alleviation Policy has achieved remarkable results in the past few years. However, it is still arduous to stabilize the poverty alleviation and achieve the goal of“meeting the basic needs of food and clothing and guaranteeing compulsory education, basic medical care and housing”. The article analyzes the current predicament of rural poverty, in which various types of risk accidents are the root cause of poverty allevia. tion, and insurance is the most effective means to solve the poverty caused by risk accidents. On this basis, through the functional model innovation, the mechanism and internal mechanism of“three rural”insurance for long-term poverty alleviation are explained. Insurance has the functions of risk prevention and poverty alleviation. It is the one of the most effective ways to achieve long-term poverty alleviation mechanism in rural areas. Finally, it is proposed to strengthen the "three rural" insurance propaganda, enhance the awareness of rural residents' insurance, innovate the "three rural" insurance policy, implement differentiated positioning;innovate insurance product development to meet the needs of low-income farmers, and innovate the "three rural" insurance poverty alleviation mode to improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation funds. Besides, it also proposed that we should strengthen risk management of in. surance companies, establish and improve countermeasures and other measures for risk management and control.