《西游记》中的韵文平议

On the Verse in The Journey to the West

《西游记》中的韵文,程度不等地融入小说情节、结构之中,提高了小说的艺术质量与美的质素。向来论《西游记》韵文者,往往仅就韵文的语言而言,这就有意或无意地将韵文从小说整体中分割出来,抹杀了韵文在小说中的整体作用。本文将《西游记》中的韵文纳入整部小说结构中论析,指出韵文对小说结构紧凑、推动情节发展和突出人物个性都有一定的作用;还有一些优美的韵文在书中形成一道靓丽的风景线,提高了小说的艺术表现力。同时也指出了韵文的某些缺点与不足,即韵文体裁多样使小说叙写方式驳杂,不很协调;有些韵文是从社会上流行的段子直接拿来的,未经融铸,与小说整体叙写未能达到水乳交融而浑然一体;有些韵文显得多余,还有些“恶札”,似可删除。

The verse in The Journey to the West melts into the plots and structure in degree,and increases the artistics as well as the elegance of the novel. All along,scholars focus their study on the language of the verse,they draw the verse from the novel,neglect the verse in the unity. This essay put the verse into the whole structure of the novel,points out the usage of the verse to the structure and plots and characters. On the other hand,the graceful verse is a beautiful landscape in the The Journey to the West,improve the express ability. At the same time,it also points out the shortcomings of the verse:different styles of the verse make the ways of narration heterogeneous,some of the verses come from the popular Duanzi directly,these verses do not melt into the unity of the narration of the novel,some of them are surplus,some of them are hideous,all of these should be left out.