改革开放40年职业教育校企合作的制度变迁

The Institutional Change of School-enterprise Cooperation in Vocational Education in the Past 40 Years in China

改革开放40年,我国职业教育校企合作制度经历了重建期、法制化时期、专门化时期等三个阶段,基本特征是:从中央政府为主向地方政府为主、从单一政府主体向多元主体转移;以强制性制度变迁为主、诱致性制度变迁为辅;内外部因素共同推动。为了推动职业教育校企合作走向深入,制度变迁的基本方向应该是:发挥政府主导作用,发挥行业指导作用,增强企业主体动力,努力打造命运共同体。

In the past 40 years, the cooperation system of vocational education in China has gone through three stages: reconstruction period, legalation period and specialization period. The basic characteristics are: the change has been from central government to local government and from single government to multiple subjects;the change of compulsory system is the main one, supplemented by the change of induced system;internal and external factors jointly promote. In order to promote the deepening of school-enterprise cooperation, the basic direction of institutional changes should be: to play the leading role of the government, strengthen the main motivation of enterprises, and strive to build a community of common destiny.