面向5G时代的“数字性别鸿沟”审视:成因与化解之策——OECD《弥合数字性别鸿沟》报告的启示

Examine the “Digital Gender Gap” in the 5G Era:Causes and Solutions:The Implications of OECD “Bridging the Digital Gender Divide:Include,Upskill,Innovate”

5G时代的数字红利并没有在不同性别群体之间实现平衡,反而在一定程度上加剧了这一“数字性别鸿沟”。究其原因,一方面,来自5G时代的挑战:对个体信息素养和数字技能水平的要求更高、对个体参与数字世界深度的要求更高以及对个体创造性的要求更高;另一方面,来自社会文化规范的限制:父母对子女的发展期待、社会性别角色分工以及传统的性别刻板印象等。多重因素的共同作用,进一步加剧了“数字性别鸿沟”。为此,2018年10月,OECD发布了《弥合数字性别鸿沟》报告并提出,在国家层面上,需要制定政策和行动方案、提供充足的资金支持、进行广泛的文化宣传;在企教联合层面上,需要致力于女性数字兴趣的激发、数字技能的提升以及建立支持性平台以发挥榜样的引导、示范作用。在此基础上,进一步聚焦由“数字性别鸿沟”引发的一系列深层次问题,建构了包含“理念—行动—目标”三个层面的弥合“数字性别鸿沟”新路径。这为实现“教育性别公平”、减小“数字性别贫困”,尤其对促进女性在5G数字时代的卓越发展,具有重要启示。

The digital dividend in the 5G era does not bring equity across different gender groups. In contrast,the development of 5G to some extent widen the digital gap,result in the emerges of new types of inequality in society. On the one hand,from the challenge of 5G era:the higher requirements for information literacy and digital competence,innovation and participation in the 5G era;On the other hand,from the limit of social culture:the development expectation from parents,social gender roles and traditional gender stereotypes. These types of factors attribute to digital gender divide. In order to address this issue,In October of 2018,OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) published Bridging the digital gender divide:Include,upskill innovate,providing the corresponding solutions. At the country level,governments need to develop the policy and implementation plan,provide sufficient financial supports,and organise cultural publicities. At the practical level,education and private sectors need to motivate individuals’ digital interests,improve learners’ digital competence,and establish the leading demonstration organisations. Based on the report,a series of deep problems caused by digital gender divide were considered and the new path to bridge the “digital gender gap” in the 5G era was constructed,which can support our country to explore the effective solutions to address digital gender gap,contribute to gender equality in education,mitigate the digital gender poverty,especially for promoting female excellent development in the 5G era.