流动儿童早期口语表达能力发展的问题与对策

Problems and Countermeasures of Migrant Children’s Early Oral Ability Development

语言是人类最重要的交际工具,口语表达能力是衡量儿童语言发展的重要指标。本研究使用多彩光谱故事板对江苏省某市5所幼儿园的114名4-6岁流动学前儿童进行测查。结果表明:流动儿童早期口语表达能力整体落后,且各要素发展不均衡;不同年龄段儿童之间的表达能力存在显著差异;同年龄段儿童在口语表达各要素、语言风格和特点上存在很大差异;父母的受教育程度、班级中的书籍种类对其有显著影响。未来,应从政府、幼儿园、家庭和社区等多维度出发,为流动儿童构建完备和强健有力的教育支持系统,以提升其口语表达能力的发展。

Language is the fundamental tool for the communication of human being. Oral ability is an important criterion to measurechildren’s development of languageability. The study takes 114 migrant children aged 4-6 in 5 different kindergartens in Jiangsu province as researchsubjects, and applies project spectrum storyboardto investigate their oral ability. The study finds that the early oral ability of migrant children lags behind other children on the whole, and there is an imbalance in their development in different dimensions of language. Children’s differences in oral ability are related to their ages. Differences are also among children of the same age in various dimensions of their language ability, language style and languagefeatures. The educational background and the categories of books in the class have great impact on children’s oral ability. To improvestudents’development of oral ability, joint efforts should be made by government, kindergartens, family and community to provide a complete and supportive educational system for migrant children.