书写与权威:四库馆臣对《全蜀艺文志》作者的改撰

Writing and Authority: Siku Compilers’ Tampering on the Author of Quan Shu Yi Wen Zhi

《全蜀艺文志》是明人辑录的有关蜀地的诗文选集。清代以来,编纂者的身份颇有争议。通过寻绎明代以来至清初的文献记载,《全蜀艺文志》的作者为杨慎应属确凿。然而,自《四库全书》编纂之后,周复俊却被改为《全蜀艺文志》的作者,各阁提要及《总目》均题为周复俊。四库馆臣之所以改撰作者,一方面确实存在致误的客观原因,周复俊曾重编《四川总志》,因此馆臣径将周复俊《四川总志序》误作《全蜀艺文志序》,故而顺理成章的以周复俊为作者;另一方面,通过诸提要对杨慎的评价可以发现,四库馆臣伪题《全蜀艺文志》作者,掺杂着诋毁杨慎的意图,借此树立清代考据学的权威。与此同时,四库馆臣借助官修《四库全书》的政治权威,改撰作者,在某种程度上规训了其他目录学著作的撰述方式,对后世影响极大。

Quan Shu Yi Wen Zhi is a collection of poems about the Shu(Sichuan) area compiled in Ming Dynasty. Since the Qing Dynasty, the identity of the compiler has been a controversial issue. Through the search for documents from the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, the author of this book should be confirmed as Yang Shen. However, after the compilation of Si Ku Quan Shu , Zhou Fujun has been marked as the author by the summaries of all the four cabinets. The reason behind: on the one hand, there is indeed an objective mistake, since Zhou Fujun has re-edited the Sichuan General Records , so the compilers trails and misreads Zhou's Sichuan General Records as the preface of Quan Shu Yi Wen Zhi , thus had logically mistaken him as the author of the later book;on the other hand, through the evaluation of Yang Shen in the Summary , it can be found that this mistake in Si Ku has also mixed with the compilers intention of defaming Yang Shen in order to establish the academic authority of the Qing Dynasty textology. At the same time, by modifying the author using the political authority of the Si Ku Quan Shu , the Si Ku compilers have disciplined the writing of other bibliographic works, which had a great impact on later generations.