主观评价构式“那叫(一个)X”探析

On the Subjective Evaluation Construction "That is Called(One) X"

"那叫X"有基本话语和元话语两种用法。基本话语层面的"那叫X"原是一个客观命名结构,在主观化表达动因的促动下,它经历了两种演变:一是在特定语境下由于语义重心的转移逐渐发展出主观评价功能,成为一个命名式主观评价构式;二是结构中指代词"那"由现场指认转而指向话语自身,这使得该结构产生了元话语用法,并逐渐成为一个更为典型的言说式主观评价构式。主观评价构式"那叫(一个) X"用于强化对某事物情状的主观性评价意义,表达主观大量义和感叹语气。

"That is called X" has two kinds of usages: basic discourse and meta-discourse. As a basic - discourse construction used for naming objects, it has undergone two kinds of evolvement driven by the motiva-tion of subjective expressions. First, it developed the function of subjective evaluation due to the shift of seman-tic focus in a specific context and became a name-based evaluation construction. Second,pronoun "that" re-fers to the utterances instead of things on the spot,which makes the whole construction get the usage of meta-discourse and become a more typical evaluation construction of utterance-style. The subjective evaluation con-struction " that is called (one) X" is used to reinforce the function of subjective evaluation and express the meaning of subjective mass and exclamatory mood.