农村牧区致贫因素及其治理对策

Analysis of Factors Causing Poverty and Countermeasures in Rural Pastoral Areas

精准扶贫是扶贫攻坚进入新的历史阶段后的重大战略性调整,实施精准扶贫战略首先通过精准识别扶贫对象、精准制定扶贫措施等路径选择,实现对传统扶贫模式的功能性改造。在构建农村牧区扶贫战略时,结合我国农村牧区的特殊性,需要继续完善先行社会保障制度,同时还要拓展社会保障制度设计的政策思路,建立起以“公助—社会保障”、“自助—小额保险、微型金融”、“共助—社区、合作组织”组成的多层次精准扶贫框架,形成自上而下和自下而上相结合的、以政府社会保障制度为核心,多种社会力量有效整合的农村牧区扶贫政策框架。

Targeted poverty alleviation,after entering a new historic stage,is a major strategic adjustment.The implementation of targeted poverty alleviation strategies requires the functional transformation of the traditional poverty alleviation model by accurately identifying the targets of poverty alleviation and formulating poverty alleviation measures.In the constitution of the poverty alleviation strategy in rural pastoral areas,it is vital to improve the social security system in the light of the particularity of rural pastoral areas in China.At the same time,it is suggested that the policies and ideas of designing the social security system be expanded and a multi-level targeted poverty alleviation framework consisting of "public assistance and social security","self-help measures and micro insurance","micro finance",and "mutual assistance from communities and cooperative organizations" be established. In this way,it is feasible to form a top-down policy framework for poverty alleviation in rural pastoral areas,which takes government's social security system as the core and effectively integrates various social partners.