制度风险的法律维度:突破非物质文化遗产保护的瓶颈

The Legal Governments for the Risks of Protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage

以风险理论审视非物质文化遗产的现行法律制度,根据风险产生根源不同,非物质文化遗产保护的制度风险会表现为制度运转失灵风险、制度功能偏差风险和公平性缺失风险。化解制度风险,形成制度风险的维度,不可基于同一个标准,而是需要在大的框架之下论及制度风险的法律管控,需要有针对性地创构“建立私权,善用公权”的多元法律控制体系,并在体系内引入技术规制,创设“非物质文化遗产权”,推动民间习惯法与法律制度、公法与私法的互动式发展。

By means of examining the present legal system of the intangible cultural heritages with risk theory and according to the different sources of risks, it was found that the institutional risks of the protection of the intangible cultural heritage was manifested by the risk of malfunction in the operation, the risk of deviation from the institutional functions and the risk of lack of fairness. This paper is to demonstrate the institutional risks in the intangible cultural heritage protection. On the basis of the characteristics of the intangible cultural heritage, it aims to create a multi legal system of legal control "to establish private rights and use public rights" in order to provide references for the protection of intangible cultural heritage in China.