马克思的劳动概念与自由思想原像

On Marx’s Concept of Labor and Original Image of Free Thought

自由全面发展是人类追寻的终极价值,一直是哲学所关注的主题。作为能动的社会主体,人的自由全面发展是人类理想的存在方式。马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中,通过对资本主义制度下劳动的异化、私有制、自由竞争,以及资本主义必然自我毁灭的自否定逻辑的揭露和批判,确立了人的类本质思想,这种类本质表现为自由自觉的活动。因此,实现人的自由全面发展必须以自由自觉的活动为基础,从现实生活出发,阐释人类一般劳动的意义和自由全面发展的价值。

Free and all-round development is the ultimate value pursued by human beings and has always been the subject of philosophy.As a dynamic social subject,the all-round development of human self is the way of human ideal.In the manuscript of Economics and philosophy in 1844,Marx established the thought of human nature as a free and conscious activity through the exposure and criticism of the alienation of labor,private ownership,free competition and the self-negation logic of capitalism’s inevitable self-destruction.Therefore,to realize the free and all-round development of human beings,we must explain the significance of human general labor on the basis of free and conscious activities and from the point of view of real life and the value of free and all-round development.