社会经济视域下的中国超大住区形成原因探析

The Formation Reasons of the Mega Residential Compound in China Based on Socio-Economic Viewpoint

超大住区因其高密度、易管理的特性,成为解决中国住房问题的主要形式。超大住区在形式上与西方发达国家的郊区化形式既有共同点也有不同点,其形成体现了改革开放40年来中国社会经济特色的独特居住模式。然而,这些大型住区如今却成为城市可持续发展的严重阻碍。文章将改革开放后40年划分为两个阶段,通过对中西方在建筑规划和地理方面的文献进行结合分析,试图解析在特定的社会经济背景下,超大住区成为我国解决住房问题的主要策略的原因,以期为新的可持续居住模式提供重要的理论基础。

Due to its high-density and easy-management, the mega compound became the dominant model to solve the housing scarcity in China. Comparing with the residential suburbanization in western developed countries, the mega residential had both uniqueness and generality, which had formed a particular urban phenomenon in the last four decades since the reform and opening up. However, this model becomes an obstruction for the sustainable urban development currently. In this paper, the 40 years since the reform and opening up would be divided into two stages. According to the analysis on the literature in the architectural planning and geography in both China and the western, this paper tends to explain the reason why the mega compound play such a predominant role in solving the housing problem in China under specific socio-economic background, with a view to provide important theoretical foundation for new sustainable housing mode.