普速铁路直线钢轨轨距角接触问题分析及治理

Analysis and Solution of Gauge Corner Contact on Tangent of Conventional Railway Lines

基于现场观测和相关动力学仿真分析结果对普速铁路直线钢轨轨距角接触问题进行了分析.基于个性化钢轨廓形打磨技术提出了解决方案,并对实施效果进行了跟踪观测.结果表明,左右车轮非对称磨耗引起的横移量和受力状态、钢轨廓形内侧偏低导致的自对中能力不足分别是车轮和钢轨廓形角度易导致轨距角接触的主要原因.由于普速铁路货车车轮状态不尽理想,因此通过钢轨廓形打磨只能减小接触的概率,较难完全根除.将钢轨廓形与实测车轮的接触位置分布情况预测作为钢轨打磨目标廓形设计结果校核条件之一时可有效优化轮轨接触位置,进而缓解轨距角接触问题.

Based on the field observations and related dynamic simulation results, this paper analyzes the gauge corner contact problem on tangent of conventional railway lines. A solution based on the individualized rail profile grinding technology was proposed in this paper and its effect in actually application is observed. The results demonstrate that lateral displacement and force state caused by asymmetric wear of the left and right wheels and the insufficient self-aligning ability caused by the lower gauge corner side of rail profile are the two main reasons for the gauge corner contact. Due to the fact that the wheel condition of freight car is not ideal, rail profile grinding can reduce the gauge corner contact probability, but it is difficult to eliminate the phenomenon only by improving the rail profile. Taken the prediction of contact position distribution between the rail profile and the measured wheel profiles as one of the checking conditions for the design result of rail grinding target profile can effectively optimize the wheel-rail contact position and then can alleviate the gauge corner contact problem.