不同浓度烯效唑拌种对套作夏大豆农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of seeds dressing with uniconazole in different concentrations before sowing on the intercropping summer soybean agronomic characters and yield

【目的】探索广西套作夏大豆适宜的烯效唑拌种浓度,为解决与春玉米后期套作夏大豆的倒伏问题提供技术参考。【方法】采用单因素随机区组试验设计,设0(CK)、1.67、3.33、6.67、13.33、20.00、26.67和33.33mg/kg8个烯效唑拌种浓度梯度,研究不同烯效唑拌种浓度对春玉米套作的夏大豆出苗率、叶面积、真叶SPAD值、地上部分鲜重和干重、倒伏性及产量的影响。【结果】随着烯效唑拌种浓度的增加,套作夏大豆的田间出苗率、真叶叶面积、地面到子叶节长度和子叶节到真叶节长度逐渐减小,真叶SPAD值和第1节间茎粗逐渐增加。拌种浓度超过3.33mg/kg时,大豆第1片复叶叶面积、第6片复叶期的地上部分干重显著降低(P<0.05,下同)。真叶叶面积、地面到子叶节长度、子叶节到真叶节长度对烯效唑拌种较其他性状敏感。拌种浓度越高,对套种夏大豆的影响时间越长。适宜浓度的烯效唑拌种可防止夏大豆倒伏,显著增加夏大豆产量,其中3.33mg/kg拌种浓度下大豆产量最高(2129.71kg/ha)。但各烯效唑拌种浓度对大豆籽粒蛋白含量、油分含量及百粒重均无显著影响(P>0.05)。【结论】综合田间出苗率、倒伏性和大豆产量等性状,烯效唑拌种浓度为3.33mg/kg时用于套作夏大豆较适宜。

【Objective】In order to provide technical reference for solving the lodging problem of summer soybean intercropped with late spring maize,suitable concentration of uniconazole mixed with soybean seeds was explored for intercropping summer soybean in Guangxi.【Method】Eight uniconazole concentration gradients:0(CK),1.67,3.33,6.67, 13.33,20.00,26.67 and 33.33 mg/kg were designed,and single-factor random block test method was used to research the effects of uniconazole in different concentrations mixed with seeds on soybean emergence,leaf areas,true leaf SPAD, fresh weight and dry weight of aboveground part,lodging,yield and so on.【Result】Along with uniconazole concentration increased,the intercropping soybean field emergence,true leaf areas,length from earth to cotyledon,internode from cotyledon to the true leaf was decreased gradually. And true leaf SPAD and the first internode diameter was increased gradually. Over 3.33 mg/kg of the treatment concentration,first trifoliolate leaf area and the dry weight of aboveground part at the sixth trifoliolate leaf stage was decreased significantly(P<0.05,the same below). True leaf areas,length from earth to cotyledon and internode from cotyledon to the true leaf was more sensitive to uniconazole treatment than other traits. The higher the concentration of seed dressing,the longer the influence time on the soybean growth. Suitable concentration uniconazole could prevent lodging,and increase soybean yield significantly. When the concentration was 3.33 mg/kg,the soybean yield reached the peak(2129.71 kg/ha). But it had no significant effect on protein content,oil content and 100- seed weight(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Considering soybean field emergence,lodging and yield,3.33 mg/kg is the best concentration for uniconazole to mix seeds of summer intercropping soybean.