从路径依赖到路径突破:中国工业用地政策演化的制度经济学分析

From Path Dependence to Path Breakthrough: An Institutional Economics Analysis of the Evolution of Industrial Land Use Policy in China

基于制度经济学的路径依赖理论解释中国工业用地政策的演变过程,结合浙江省海宁市土地要素市场化改革案例,分析路径突破需要的内部和外部驱动条件,归纳工业用地从路径依赖、路径突破并进一步实现路径扩散的三阶段模型。为促进从路径突破的需求产生到路径突破成为可能,提出应提升地方政府改变能力和学习能力并形成集体行动,以创造路径突破所需要的内外部条件,鼓励有选择性开展地方工业用地政策创新试点以实现路径突破,加强对试点经验评估推广以鼓励路径扩散。

Based on the path dependence theory of institutional economics,this essay explains the evolution process of industrial land use policy in China,combines the case study of land marketization reform in Haining City,Zhejiang Province,and analyzes the external environment and internal driving forces needed for the path breakthrough. Moreover,this essay summarizes a three-stage model of industrial land use from path dependence,path breakthrough and further path diffusion. In order to facilitate the path breakthrough from the demand emergence to realization,it suggests enhancing local government’s ability of transformative capacity,learning and forming collective action to create internal and external conditions needed for path breakthrough,encouragingpolicy innovation on industrial land use to achieve path breakthrough andstrengthening the evaluation and promotion of pilot experience to promote path diffusion.