四川大邑县兔儿墩土坑墓发掘简报

Excavation Report of Tuerdun Pit Tombs at Dayi, Sichuan

兔儿墩墓地是一处汉代墓地,该墓地经过多次下葬、封土,在地表形成了高大的土墩。2007年9月至11月,成都文物考古研究院等单位对大邑县兔儿墩墓地进行了抢救性发掘,共清理了10座墓葬。通过此次发掘,基本了解了兔儿墩墓地形成过程及封土结构。其下层为西汉土坑墓,上层为东汉砖室墓,宋明时期又在汉墓封土上下葬。其中3座西汉土坑墓(M8-M10),均未被盗,出土了丰富的器物。陶器有罐、瓮、盆、豆、钵、釜、壶、盘、井、熏炉、鼎、盒等,铁器有釜、锸、削,铜器有带钩、环、车軎等,及200余枚半两、五铢钱。M8、M9时代大概为文景时期墓,属于西汉早期晚段;M10为武帝时期墓,属于西汉中期。兔儿墩墓地的发掘提供了一批西汉早期墓葬新资料,对于探讨汉代土墩墓在四川地区的传播也具有重要意义。

For being buried and mounded for many times, there is a large mound on the ground of Tuerdun cemetery of the Han dynasty. From September to November in 2007, ten tombs of the Tuerdun cemetery at Dayi were excavated by Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Dayi Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Management. After the excavation, the formation process and mound structure of Tuerdun cemetery have been basically understood. The pit tombs of the Western Han dynasty are in the lower layer, and the brick- chambered tombs of the Eastern Han dynasty are in the upper layer. Besides, the Song and Ming tombs were built on the mound of Han tombs. Three of the Western Han pit tombs (M8-M10) have not been robbed and rich artifacts were unearthed. The classifications of the pottery include jar, urn, basin, dou, bo, kettle, pot, plate, well, censer, ding, box, etc.Iron wares include kettles, spades and scrapers. Bronzes include belt hooks, loops and chewei, etc. There were also more than 200 “Banliang" and "Wuzhu" coins. M8 and M9 could be dated to the period of Emperor Wen and Jing of the Han dynasty, which belong to the late stage of early Western Han dynasty.M10 could be dated to the mid Western Han dynasty during the reign of Emperor Wu. The excavation of Tuerdun cemetery not only provides new materials about the early Western Han tombs but also plays an important role in discussing the spread of Han mound tombs in Sichuan Province.