民和县古树名木资源调查评价及保护对策

Investigation and Protection Countermeasures of Ancient and Famous Trees in Minhe County

采用GPS定位、文献跟踪、资料收集、现地鉴定、数码拍照等方法,开展2010-2018年青海省民和县古树名木资源调查与评价。结果表明:古树名木资源共有32株,全部为古树,未调查到名木,以青杨、旱柳、核桃等树种居多,属一级保护的古树有6株,二级保护的有7株,三级保护的有19株;古树名木资源全部以散生状态分布在乡村,31株为集体所有,1株为个人所有,生长势为正常株的有12株、衰弱株有15株、濒危株有5株;古树名木中生长环境为中等的有29株,差的有3株,树龄分布范围为102~678a,平均为289a;2018年较2010年增加了8株古树,因树龄增长而增加了6株(三级保护),因遗漏树木而增加了2株(二级保护);在24株复查古树中,2018年较2010年的树高增加了1m,胸围/地围增加了2cm,平均冠幅增加了1m。提出完善古树名木保护条例制度体系,加强古树名木养护复壮综合管理,完善科研监测体系等古树名木资源保护管理建议。

The investigation and evaluation of ancient and famous trees resources in Minhe County of Qinghai Province from 2010 to 2018 were carried out by means of GPS positioning,literature tracking,data collection,field identification and digital photography.The results showed that there were 32 ancient and famous trees,all of which were ancient trees.Most of them were Populus cathayana,Salix matsudana and Juglans regia.There were 6 ancient trees of first - class protection,7 trees of second - class protection and 19 trees of third - class protection.All the resources of ancient and famous trees were scattered in the countryside,31 were collectively owned and 1 was individual owned,while 12 were in normal conditions of growth,15 were weak and 5 were endangered.There were 29 trees in moderate growing environment and 3 trees in poor growing environment.The distribution range of tree age was 102~678a, with the average value of 289a.Compared with 2010,there were 8 ancient trees increased in 2018,including 6 trees due to the increase of tree age (third - class protection),and 2 trees due to the omission of investigation (second - class protection).Among the 24 old trees reexamined,the height of the trees in 2018 increased by 1 m compared with 2010,the circumference at breast height/ground circumference increased by 2 cm,and the average crown width increased by 1 m.Suggestions on the protection and management of ancient and famous trees resources were put forward,such as improving the regulations and system of protection,strengthening the comprehensive management of conservation and rejuvenation,and perfecting the scientific research and monitoring system.