不同年龄SD大鼠脾脏组织显微结构观察

Observation on Microstructure of Spleen in Rats at Different Ages

目的观察不同年龄SD大鼠脾脏组织显微结构特点。方法从同群正常雄性SD大鼠在不同生长阶段(1日龄、1月龄、2月龄、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄、24月龄和36月龄)随机抽选7只。取完整的脾脏,切取组织块制作甲基丙烯酸树脂包埋切片,经过碘酸-席夫试剂和苏木精染色后光学显微镜下观察脾脏组织显微结构。结果 1日龄没有明显结构,脾脏由密集细胞构成,有脾索和动脉周围淋巴鞘;1月龄血窦普遍存在,但与脾索界限不明显,边缘区清楚,巨核细胞数量多;2月龄出现脾小结,主要结构发育完全,被膜增厚;3月龄至12月龄,红白髓结构比例相对稳定;24月龄至36月龄,各种结构之间的界限模糊。结论大鼠脾脏结构发育是一个不断建立、完善和消退的过程,在2月龄前迅速发育完全。

Objective To observe the microstructure characteristics of spleen at different ages of SD rats. Methods Seven rats were randomly sampled from a same cohort of normal male SD rats at different growing stages (1 day and 1, 2 , 3, 6 ,12 , 24 and 36 months of age). The tissue blocks from whole spleens were taken to make the methyl acrylic resin embedded sections. After the sections were stained with periodic acid-Schiff’s reagent and hematoxylin, the microstructure characteristics were observed. Result There was no obvious structure at 1 day, the spleen was composed of dense cells, including the splenic cord and the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath. At 1 month of age , the splenic sinus was formed generally and the boundary was not obvious with splenic cord, and the marginal zone was clearly and megakaryocytes were plents. For the 2 months, the splenic follicle was formed, all key structures had been formed and the capsule was thickening. For the rats of 3 to 12 months, the percentages of the white pulp and the red pulp in the spleen became stable. For the rats of 24 to 36 months, all structure’s boundary were blurred. Conclusion The development of structure in rat spleens is characterized of a continuous, establishing, improving and regressing process. The rat spleen grows fully before second month.