某校944例民航飞行学员近视影响因素调查

Investigation on influencing factors of myopia in 944 civil flying cadets in a certain university

目的调查中国民航飞行学院飞行学员视力状况,探讨民航飞行学员近视的影响因素。方法选取我校2019年5月至2019年6月的飞行学员进行调查,根据民用航空体检合格证管理系统中我校飞行学员眼科的体检资料,将其分为正视眼组和近视眼组。采用自行设计的《飞行学员用眼情况调查问卷》进行问卷调查,共发放调查问卷1 000份,其中正视眼组600份,近视眼组400份,根据问卷调查的相关数据进行统计分析。结果共收回调查问卷951份,应答率为95.10%,有效问卷944份,有效率为99.26%。民航飞行学员近视的单因素分析显示,近视与在城镇生长、父母近视、长时间近距离用眼、不良的学习生活习惯、电子产品的过度使用、睡眠不足、户外活动时间少以及喜欢甜食等因素有关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,生长环境、父母近视情况、阅读和学习习惯、玩电脑或手机游戏时间、喜欢甜食程度等是近视的独立危险因素,户外活动是近视的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论中国民航飞行学院飞行学员用眼情况有待进一步改善,应加强飞行学员眼保健意识,建立飞行学员眼屈光档案,寻求适合我校飞行学员的健康管理模式。

Objective To investigate the eye condition of flying cadets in the Civil Aviation Flight University of China, and explore the influencing factors of myopia for civil flying cadets. Methods The flying cadets in our university from May 2019 to June 2019 were selected for investigation and divided into emmetropic group and myopic group according to the pilots' ophthalmology medical examination data of our university in the civil aviation medical examination qualification certificate management system. Questionnaire survey was given using self-designed Questionnaire on Eye Use of Flying Cadets, and a total of 1 000 questionnaires were sent out. Among them, 600 were in the emmetropia group and 400 were in the myopia group, and statistical analysis was given based on relevant data of questionnaire survey. Results A total of 951 questionnaires were collected, the response rate was 95.10%, and there were 944 valid questionnaires, the effective rate was 99.26%. Univariate analysis of myopia among civil flying cadets showed that myopia were related to factors such as growth in cities and towns, parents' myopia, long-term close range use of eyes, bad study and living habits, excessive use of electronic products, insufficient sleep, less time for outdoor activities and preference for sweets (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that growth environment, parents' myopia, reading and learning habits, the time spent playing computer or mobile games and the degree of peference for sweets were independent risk factors for myopia, while outdoor activities was protective factors for myopia (P<0.05). Conclusion The eye condition of flying cadets in the Civil Aviation Flight University of China needs to be further improved. It is necessary to strengthen eye care awareness of flying cadets, establish eye refractive file of flying cadets and seek for health management mode suitable for flying cadets in our university.