实习护生医院暴力与职业认同的相关性研究

Study on the correlation between hospital workplace violence and professional identity in nursing students

目的了解实习护生在医院实习期间遭受医院暴力的现状,探讨工作场所医院暴力与职业认同的相关性。方法选取2018年7月-2019年3月在某三级甲等综合医院实习的护生为研究对象200名进行问卷调查,采用一般人口学资料调查表、工作场所医院暴力评定量表、护士职业认同调查量表,调查了解实习护生遭受医院暴力的现状、职业认同感。结果本次调查的200名实习护生,在过去1年实习期间遭受的工作场所暴力中,遭受情感虐待的132(66.00%)名,在发生人数、发生频度上均最多,其次威胁恐吓为88(44.00%)名,躯体攻击和性骚扰所占比例较小。护生遭受暴力频度不同,其职业认同也不相同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),遭受中、低频度医院暴力的实习护生与遭受零频度医院暴力的实习护生职业认同评分的5个维度进行比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医院和学校都应重视医院暴力给学生身心健康带来的负面影响,引导学生以积极的心态面对所从事的医疗事业,阻止护理人才的流失,保证护理队伍的稳定发展。

Objective To understand the current situation of workplace violence experienced by nursing students during their internship in hospitals,and to explore the correlation between workplace violence and professional identity.Methods A cross-sectional survey method was adopted and questionnaire survey was conducted to 215 nursing students.The general information questionnaire,Workplace Violence Rating Scale and Professional Identity Scale were used to investigate the current situation of workplace violence and professional identity in nursing students.Results Of 200 nursing students investigated,132 (66.00) cases had experience the workplace violence (emotional abuse),followed by threaten and intimidation in 88 cases (44.00%),and nurses had reported the lowest frequence of physical abuse or sexual harassment.There was a statistically significant difference between occupational identification and the frequency of violence among nursing students (P<0.05).There was a significant difference in all five factors of Professional Identity Scale between nursing students who had suffered low-moderate frequency of violence and those without experience of workplace violence (P<0.05).Conclusion Both hospitals and schools should pay attention to the negative impact of hospital workplace violence on students' physical and mental health,and guide students to face the medical undertakings with a positive attitude to prevent the loss of nursing talents and ensure the stable development of the nursing team.