两相调控的电动汽车多挡变速器换挡控制过程研究

Study on shift control process of pure electric vehicle multi-gear transmission based on two-phase control process

为了实现纯电动汽车多挡变速器快速、无缝换挡控制的过程,使纯电动汽车在换挡时能够保持安全、平稳的行驶状态,提出了基于两相调控的纯电动汽车多挡变速器换挡控制技术.首先,通过对变速器的齿轮组合进行分析,得出了传动系统的总速比模型以及传动系统的数学模型.然后,设计了一种在两个传动比之间进行换挡的两相调控方法,通过构造两个独立的PID控制器,以分别用于对每对齿轮之间的换挡进行独立调控,利用试错法和遗传算法对不同的PID控制器进行整定,并对其进行比较,找出适合于该PID控制器各相的输入量,进而保证了快速、无缝换挡过程的实现.最后,在Matlab/Simulink环境下,对所提出两相调控的纯电动汽车多挡变速器换挡控制技术进行了仿真实验.实验结果显示:所提方法能够对换挡过程中,齿轮所在轴的转速以及齿轮的角速度进行较为精准的控制,能够对电动机的驱动扭矩以及离合器的扭矩进行较为快速、平稳的控制,从而实现快速、无缝的换挡过程.

In order to realize the fast and seamless shift control process of pure electric vehicle’s multi-gear transmission,and make the pure electric vehicle keep a safe and stable running state when shifting,this paper proposes a shift control technology of pure electric vehicle’s multi-gear transmission based on two-phase control.Firstly,through the analysis of the gear combination of the transmission,the total speed ratio model of the transmission system and the mathematical model of the transmission system are obtained.Then,a two-phase control method for shifting between two transmission ratios is designed.Two independent PID controllers are constructed to independently control the shifting between each pair of gears.Different PID controllers are tuned by trial-and-error method and genetic algorithm,and compared with each other to find out the input suitable for each phase of the PID controller,so as to ensure that the input of each phase of the PID controller can be obtained.The fast and seamless shift process is realized.Finally,a simulation experiment is carried out under the environment of Matlab/Simulink for the proposed two-phase control multi-speed transmission shift control technology of pure electric vehicle.The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately control the rotational speed of the gear shaft and the angular speed of the gear in the shift process,and can control the driving torque of the motor and the torque of the clutch more quickly and smoothly,thus realizing the fast and seamless shift process.