体育文化交流对中美关系改善的作用及启示——基于中美建交40年的历史考察

Function and Enlightenment of Sports Cultural Exchange in Improvement of Sino-US Relations——Based on 40-year History of Establishment of Sino-US Diplomatic Relations

运用文献资料等研究方法,基于“契机—轨迹”理论,对中美建交40年来体育文化交流情况进行了回顾和梳理,分析了外交政策导向下中美体育文化交流“契机”的形成和“轨迹”的发展,解读中美建交的历史背景和体育文化交流的特征与价值。认为:在“和平与发展”“构建开放合作和谐社会”“新时代构建新型国际关系”外交政策的影响下,中美体育文化交流具有体育文化财富的共享性、体育竞技的对等性、体育文化交流的公共性特征;中美体育文化交流促进中美建交,促进中美和平发展;改变世界格局,获得话语权;树立国家形象,展示大国责任;深化体育改革,促进社会发展。

Adopting literature and other research methods, based on “opportunity-trajectory theory”, this paper reviews the sports cultural exchanges between China and the United States in the past 40 years, analyzing the formation of “opportunity” and the development of “trajectory” in Sino-US sports cultural exchange under the guidance of foreign policy, explaining the historical background of Sino-US diplomatic relations and the characteristics and values of sports cultural exchanges. This paper concludes that under the influences of the foreign policy based on “peace and development”,“building an open and cooperative harmonious society” and “establishing a new international relationship in the new era”, Sino-US sports cultural exchange has promoted shared sports culture wealth, equal sports competition, and sports culture exchange for all. Sino-US sports cultural exchanges can promote Sino-US diplomatic relations and peaceful development;change the world pattern and gain the political discourse, establish national image, demonstrate major power responsibility;deepen sports reform and promote social development.