贫困农村地区婴幼儿抚养人抑郁症状的危险因素

Risk factors of depressive symptoms among infants’ caregivers in poor rural areas

目的:探讨我国贫困农村地区婴幼儿抚养人的抑郁症状及危险因素。方法:使用在秦巴山区开展的儿童早期发展项目数据,选取6~24月龄婴幼儿抚养人1784例,采用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表中文精简版(DASS-21)的抑郁分量表进行调查。结果:抚养人抑郁症状检出率为23.26%(415/1784),祖母表现出中度及以上抑郁症状的比例高于母亲(21.31%vs.9.45%,P<0.001)。回归分析结果显示,抚养人受教育程度与抑郁症状得分负向关联(β’=-0.13);婴幼儿性别、抚养人自评身体健康状况、祖母×年龄、祖母×健康状况与抑郁症状得分正向关联(β’=0.05、0.08、0.52、0.16)。结论:贫困农村地区6~24月婴幼儿抚养人抑郁症状检出率较高;抚养男孩、受教育程度低、自评身体健康状况差是抚养人抑郁症状的危险因素。

Objective:To understand the current situation of depressive symptoms in infants’ caregivers in poor rural areas of China,and analyze its risk factors.Methods:This research use ECD project data in Qinba Mountain area,including 1784 caregivers of infants aged 6-24 months.The depressive symptoms were investigated with the Chinese Short Version of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales(DASS-21).Results:The rate of depressive symptoms was 23.26%(415/1784).Grandmothers had higher rates with moderate or higher depressive symptoms than mothers(21.31% vs.9.45%,P<0.001).The regression results showed that education status was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms(β’=-0.13).And sex of infant,self-report physical health and interactive items of grandmother and caregiver’ s age or self-report physical health status were positively correlated with depressive symptoms of the caregivers(β’=0.05,0.08,0.52,0.16).Conclusion:Depressive symptom detection rate is higher among caregivers of infants from poor rural areas of China.Raising boy,lower education and worse self-report physical health may be risk factors of depressive symptoms.