老年人社会经济地位与认知功能的关系

Relationship between socioeconomic status and cognitive function in the elderly

目的:研究老年人社会经济地位与认知功能的关系,为预防老年人认知功能障碍提供参考。方法:本研究数据来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查2015年随访数据,选取其中年龄≥60岁、接受了认知功能调查且社会经济地位变量值完整的调查对象4017例。认知功能指标为时间定向、计算与注意、画图以及情景记忆,社会经济地位指标为受教育程度、人均家庭消费年支出和职业,控制变量为社会人口学特征、健康相关行为、健康状况。结果:老年人认知功能总分为(10.9±3.5)分。多重线性回归结果显示,认知功能总分与受教育程度(β=0.11~0.20)、人均家庭消费年支出(β=0.04)、职业(β=0.03~0.07)正向关联。结论:老年人社会经济地位与认知功能呈正相关,低社会经济地位老年人的认知功能较差。

Objective:To investigate the relationship of socioeconomic status and cognitive function among the elderly in China and provide evidence for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction.Methods:The data were from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) in 2015.The subjects were persons aged 60 years and above.The cognitive function was evaluated by time orientation,calculation and concentration,drawing a figure and word recall.The indicators of socioeconomic status(SES) were education,occupation and annual household consumption expenditure per capita.The control variables included demographic characteristics,health related behaviors and health status.Results:The average score of cognitive function for the elderly was(10.9±3.5).The result of multiple linear regression model showed that the scores of cognitive function were positively correlated with education(β=0.11-0.20),annual household consumption expenditure per capita(β=0.04),and occupation(β=0.03-0.07).Conclusion:It suggests that the socioeconomic status of the elderly is positively correlated with their cognitive function,and those with lower socioeconomic status may have poorer cognitive function.