考虑越库作业的连锁超市配送路径优化研究

Distribution Route Optimization of Chain Supermarket with Cross-docking Operations

针对大型连锁超市物流配送成本较高的问题,通过分析连锁超市的实际情况和越库作业的实施要求,提出越库配送运作模式.以车辆运输成本、操作成本和库存持有成本最小化为目标,建立带有多越库配送中心的车辆路径模型,将配送过程分为集货、送货两阶段,同时,考虑到产品种类需求的多样化,采取集货过程车辆协同进行和送货过程车辆需求拆分的方式.针对问题的特点设计了一个求解的遗传算法,通过扫描算法优化初始种群,最后结合算例对模型和算法进行验证分析.结果表明,越库作业能有效地提高连锁超市的运作效率,降低超市物流成本.

Aiming at the problem of high logistics distribution cost of large chain supermarkets,this paper puts forward the operation mode of the cross-dock by analyzing the actual situation of the chain supermarkets and the requirements of the operation of the cross-dock.Minimizing vehicle transport costs,operating costs and inventory holding costs to the target,a vehicle routing model with multi-cross-docks distribution center is established,and the distribution process is divided into two stages,collecting goods and delivering goods,taking into account the variety of products,taking the vehicle to collect goods and delivery goods according to the demand.A genetic algorithm is designed to solve the problem,and the initial population is optimized by scanning algorithm.Finally,the model and algorithm are validated and analyzed with examples.The results show that the cross-docking operation can effectively improve the operational efficiency of supermarket chains and reduce the logistics cost of supermarkets.