兰州市肺结核病发病与气象因素关系研究

Study on relationship between incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and meteorological factors in Lanzhou

目的探讨甘肃省兰州市气温、气湿、气压、日照时长、风速和降水量等气象因素对肺结核病发病的影响。方法收集2011年1月-2016年12月兰州市肺科医院结核病病人门诊登记资料、兰州市气象资料,采用非参数Spearman相关分析,探讨各个气象因素与发病数之间的关系。结果 2011-2016年兰州市肺结核病累计发病1 648例,全市每周均有发病,全年呈散发状态,其中以冬季、春季发病较高;6年中冬季发病最高(455例、占27.6%),夏季发病最低(365例、占22.0%),男性980例(59.47%)、女性668例(40.53%),发病例数男性明显多于女性(χ^2=5.986,P<0.05);Spearman相关分析显示,肺结核病日发病数与日平均气温(rs=-0.820)和日均降水量(rs=-0.895)呈负相关(P<0.05),与日平均气压呈正相关(rs=0.718,P<0.05)。结论兰州市肺结核病的发生和流行与气象因素具有相关性。

Objective To explore the influence of meteorological factors such as air temperature, air humidity, air pressure,sunshine duration, wind speed and amount of precipitation, etc. on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Lanzhou city of Gansu province. Methods The registered material of tuberculosis patients in the clinic of lung hospital and the meteorological information were collected in Lanzhou from January, 2011 to December, 2016. The correlation between various meteorological factors and the incidence were analyzed by nonparametric Spearman test. Results Totally 1 648 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Lanzhou from 2011 to 2016, and there were patients every week with the incidence showed sporadic status all the year. The incidence was high in spring, and the highest in winter(455 cases,accounting for 27.6%) and the lowest in summer(365 cases, accounting for 22.0%) during the 6 years. There were 980 cases of the male, accounted for 59.47%, and 668 cases of the female, held 40.53%, with the male obviously more than the female(χ^2=5.986, P<0.05). The daily incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis showed negative correlation(P<0.05) with the daily average temperature(rs=-0.820) and daily precipitation(rs=-0.895), and positive correlation with daily mean pressure(rs=0.718, P<0.05). Conclusions There is correlation between the incidence and epidemic of pulmonary tuberculosis and meteorological factors in Lanzhou.