新时代背景下云南少数民族群体的国家认同及其影响因素

National Identity of Yunnan Ethnic Minority Groups and Its Influencing Factors in the New Era Background

本文从铸牢中华民族共同体意识的角度出发,基于最新的云南省少数民族地区综合社会调查数据,对新时代背景下少数民族群体在日常生活中表现出来的国家认同情况及其相关因素进行了实证研究。研究结果显示,少数民族群体的民族认同与国家认同存在显著的正相关关系,并且这种关系在不同经济水平、文化水平以及民族政策了解程度的群体中存在显著差异。除了民族认同之外,年龄、文化、经济以及政策等因素都显著影响国家认同。本研究认为,在研究少数民族群体的国家认同时,需要把研究视角从特殊历史背景或者重大历史事件转向新时代背景下的日常生活,从政治文化精英转向普通社会民众,从侧重于结构性分析转向动态交互分析,从而深刻认识地区、经济、社会、文化、政策以及民族认同等多方面因素及其之间的动态交互关系对国家认同的影响。

From the perspective of creating a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation,on the basis of the latest social survey data of ethnic minority areas in Yunnan Province,this paper presents an empirical study on the national identity and related factors of ethnic minority groups in daily life in the new era background.The results of data analysis show that there is a significant positive correlation between ethnic identity and national identity of ethnic minority groups.And the correlation is significantly different among groups at different economic and cultural levels and with different understanding to ethnic policies.In addition to ethnic identity,factors such as age,culture,economy,and policy could affect national identity significantly.This study suggests that when we study the national identity of ethnic minority groups,in order to get fully recognition about the effects of regional,economic,social,cultural,policy,and ethnic identity factors and their dynamic interactions on the national identity,it is necessary to shift the research perspective from special historical background or major historical events to daily life in the new era background,from political and cultural elites to common people,from structural analysis to action analysis.