论古代书院教育模式的复兴

On the Revival of the Educational Model of Ancient Academies

书院教育模式,堪为我国高等教育史上一朵绚丽的奇葩。它与科举制基本上都是始于唐代而废除于清末,但它们恰恰是一正一反的两个典型。书院教育模式最大的贡献是培养了大批学界的领军人物,最早尝试了教学与科研并重的模式,诞生了诸多有影响的学派。书院之所以长盛不衰,沿袭千年,是因为这种教育模式具有不可替代的优势:名家办学,独立自主;实施精英教育,以培养学术巨子为己任;教学与学术研究相结合;开放式办学,开明的办学宗旨;教学方法不拘一格,实行自学、讲座、辩说、问难辩论、相互切磋等多种形式。因此,在新时代,非常有必要复兴属于我国首创的书院教育模式,使其发扬光大。

Chinese academy education model is a splendid flower in the history of higher education in China. It started together with imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty and abolished in the late Qing Dynasty, but they are exactly the opposite two examples. The greatest contribution of the academy education model is to train large number of leading people in the academic circles. The earliest attempt was to pay equal stress on teaching and scientific research, and many influential schools were formed. This educational mode has irreplaceable advantages which flourished for thousand of years such as: famous scholars run school independently;responsible to accomplish elite education and train academic experts;combining teaching with academic research;open education and enlightened aim;flexible teaching methods like self-study, lecture, arguments, questions-debate, and mutual consultation. Therefore, it is very necessary to revive the academy education model and move it forward in modern period which was originated in China.