不同铜源及添加水平对北京鸭生长性能和脂代谢的影响

Effects of different copper sources and levels on growth performance and lipid metabolism of Beijing ducks

文章研究了饲粮中不同浓度的无机铜和有机铜对1~56 d北京鸭生产性能和脂质代谢的影响。试验选择360只1日龄北京鸭,随机分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只。试验日粮采用4×2因子设计,共9个组(含1个对照组),对照组铜添加水平为0 mg/kg,试验组在基础日粮中添加3、6、9和150 mg/kg的无机(硫酸铜)和有机铜(氨基酸螯合铜),试验分为1~28 d和29~56 d两个阶段进行。结果显示:日粮添加无机铜显著降低了北京鸭的采食量,改善了料比(P <0.05)。日粮添加铜显著提高了血浆铜水平,显著降低了血浆锌水平(P <0.05)。与无机铜源相比,有机铜源显著改善了肝脏铜水平、铜排泄和沉积量(P <0.05)。日粮添加铜显著影响血红蛋白浓度和脂肪水平(P <0.05)。日粮添加150 mg/kg铜显著降低了肝脏和肉脂肪、胆固醇含量以及肉色和嫩度(P <0.05),同时显著降低了血浆脂肪、甘油三酯、胆固醇含量,提高了谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性(P <0.05)。无机铜有提高回肠组织病变的风险,但有机铜对北京鸭组织较安全。结论:铜浓度在150 mg/kg时可以显著改善肉质,增加肉蛋白质含量,同时显著降低肉脂、胆固醇以及血脂、甘油三酯和胆固醇含量。

The effects of Inorganic Copper and organic copper in diet on performance and lipid metabolism of 1 ~ 56 days Beijing ducks were studied. 360 1 ~ day Beijing ducks were randomly divided into 9 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 10 in each replicate. The experimental diet was designed with 4×2 factor. Nine groups(including one control group)were fed with 0 mg/kg copper. The experimental group was fed with 3,6,9 and 150 mg/kg inorganic(cupric sulfate) and organic(amino acid chelated)copper in the basic diet. The experiment was divided into two stages :1 ~ 28d and 29 ~ 56d. The results showed that dietary supplementation of Inorganic Copper significantly reduced the intake and improved the feed ratio of Beijing ducks(P < 0.05). Dietary copper supplementation significantly increased plasma copper level and significantly decreased plasma zinc level(P < 0.05). Compared with Inorganic Copper sources,organic copper sources significantly improved liver copper levels,copper excretion and deposition(P < 0.05). Dietary copper supplementation significantly affected hemoglobin concentration and fat level(P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation of 150 mg/kg copper significantly reduced liver and meat fat,cholesterol content,meat color and tenderness(P < 0.05),plasma lipid,triglyceride, cholesterol content and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and glutathione aminotransferase(P < 0.05). Inorganic copper may increase the risk of ileal lesions,while organic copper is safer for Beijing ducks tissues. Conclusion :Copper concentration at 150 mg/kg can significantly improve meat quality,increase meat protein content,and significantly reduce meat fat and cholesterol as well as blood lipid,triglyceride and cholesterol content.