拨开“阿房宫”遗址上的雾障

Dispersing the Fog Cover over the Site of “Efang Palace”

“阿房宫”是秦始皇在渭河南岸上林苑中拟建的一座“朝宫”。作为群体建筑,其范围很大,工程量甚巨,因此未正式命名。“阿房前殿”是阿房宫的主体建筑,属于前期工程,今日看到的横长夯土台基正是前殿的基础部分。在三面围墙的“阿城”北墙中段筑有屋宇,即是所谓的“阿房前殿”,既作前殿施工期的指挥部,也是主殿建成后的附属建筑。《史记》对阿房宫的修建起因、范围、内容、施工进程等记载明确。在研究阿房宫时,首先要读懂文献,其次不可混淆概念,既不能把“阿房前殿”的地基说成是“阿房宫”,也不应割裂历史,把上林苑中原有的宫殿建筑摒除,更不应对文献记载与历史人物随意炒作。

"Efang Palace" is an "imperial palace" proposed by Emperor Shihuang of Qin in Shanglin Garden on the bank of Weihe River. As a group building, it has a large scope and a huge amount of work, so it has not been formally named."Efang Front Hall" is the main building of Efang Palace, which belongs to the early stage project. The cross-long rammed earth foundation seen today is the basic part of the front hall. In the middle section of the north wall of the three-sided enclosure, there is a building called "Efang Front Hall", which is not only the headquarters during the construction period of the front hall, but also the subsidiary after the completion of the main hall. Records of the Grand Historian clearly records the origin, scope, content and construction process of "Efang Palace". When studying Efang Palace, we should first understand the literature, and secondly we should not confuse the concept. We should neither regard the foundation of aEfang Front Hall" as "Efang Palace",nor abandon the history, or the original palace buildings in Shanglin Garden, nor speculate about the documentary records and historical figures at will.