城乡收入差距对居民家庭消费结构升级的影响

Influnce of U rban-Rural Income Gap on Upgrading of Household Consumption Structure

中国经济步入“新常态”,传统的出口与投资经济增长模式难以为继,消费成为驱动经济发展的“新引擎”。改革开放40多年来,虽然随着居民收入的稳步增长,消费水平在逐步提高,但消费结构升级缓慢。与此同时,我国的收入差距在很长一段时间内有增无减,直到近几年才开始逐渐缩小。基于此,本文探讨了城乡收入差距与居民家庭消费结构变迁之间的关系,理论分析发现,城乡收入差距对消费结构变迁既有正面影响,也有负面影响;以1993—2014年中国29个省、市、自治区的数据为样本进行实证检验,结果显示,城乡收入差距与居民家庭消费结构呈现显著的正相关关系,且这种正向作用主要表现在东部和中部地区。由此可见,合理调节收入分配,进一步提升居民的可支配收入有助于推动居民家庭消费结构的升级。

With Chinese economy entering the“new normal”,the traditional model of economic growth of export and investment is unsustainable,which makes consumption become the“new engine”for driving economic development.In the past more than 40 years of reforming and opening,although the level of consumption has gradually increased with the steady growth of residents,income,the consumption structure has been upgraded slowly.At the same time,the income gap in China has been widening for a long time,and it has only gradually narrowed in recent years.In such circumstances,this paper explores the relationship between the urban-rural income gap and the consumption structure change.Theoretical analysis shows that urban-rural income gap has both positive and negative impacts on consumption structure changes.Based on the data collected from 1993 to 2014,covering 29 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China,samples are empirically tested.The results show that the urban-rural income gap has a significant positive correlation with the consumption structure,and this positive effect is mainly reflected in the eastern and central regions.It is obvious that adjusting income distribution and further increasing the disposable income of residents will help promote the upgrading of household consumption structure.