天然染料海带色素的提取及染色工艺

Extraction and dyeing of kelp pigment

概述了天然染料的优缺点和国内外发展现状,并对应用中的问题、发展前景以及染色原理进行了探讨。研究了海带绿染料的提取条件,并分别选择了不同的金属盐媒染剂和有机酸媒染剂对柞蚕丝、桑蚕丝进行直接、预媒和后媒染色。结果表明:海带绿染料适宜用5%的CuSO4铜化13 h后,按料液比1∶50,用丙酮乙醇混合液(体积比95∶5)于60℃恒温浸提2 h,粗产品收率为4.80%,2种染料在pH=3~7时稳定;通过色深值、耐皂洗色牢度及耐摩擦色牢度的测定可知,柞蚕丝和桑蚕丝媒染染色要好于直接染色,其中预媒好于后媒,且金属盐媒染剂好于有机酸媒染剂;以FeSO4为媒染剂,采用预媒染色可以获得较高的色深值和染色牢度。

The advantages and disadvantages of natural dyes and their development status at home and abroad were summarized,and the problems in application,development prospects and dyeing mechanism were discussed. The extraction conditions of kelp green dyes were studied. Different metal salt mordants and organic acid mordants were selected to dye tussah silk and mulberry silk directly,by pre-mordant and post-mordant dyeing. The results showed that 5% CuSO4 was suitable for the copper treatment of kelp green dyes for 13 h,and the mixture of acetone and ethanol(volume ratio 95∶5) was used to extract kelp green dyes at 60 ℃ for 2 h at constant temperature according to the ratio of material to liquid 1∶50. The yield of crude products was 4.80%,and the two dyes were stable at pH 3~7. The results of color depth value,soap-washing fastness and rubbing fastness showed that the mordant dyeing of tussah silk and mulberry silk was better than that of direct dyeing,in which the pre-mordant dyeing was better than the post-mordant dyeing,and the metal mordant dyeing was better than the organic acid mordant dyeing. Pre-mordant dyeing with FeSO4 could obtain higher color depth value and colour fastness.