戴遂良《汉语入门》用字特点论略

On Use Characteristics of Chinese Characters in Léon Wieger’s Rudiments de Parler Chinois, Dialecte Du

戴遂良《汉语入门》在用汉字记录以河间府方言为基础的汉语官话时,有意识地利用已有的不同汉字或改换形声字义符构造专字区别记录汉语词语的不同语法功能和词义内容。这种有意的区别用字与同时期其他西方学者编写出版的汉语教科书以及中国抄写刊印的本土学者著作中的混同用字相比颇具特色。这些用字特点反映了戴遂良对汉字表意属性的深入认识和自觉运用,与母语非汉语者对汉语和汉字的理解和把握有密切联系,为我们认识跨语言、跨文化背景下汉字使用的相关现象及特点提供了宝贵材料。

Rudiments de Parler Chinois,Dialecte Du(《汉语入门》),written by Léon Wieger,uses Chinese characters to record Chinese Mandarin based on Ho-Kien Fu dialect.It consciously uses the existing different Chinese characters or changes the meaning symbol of phonogram to construct specially-used characters to record different grammatical functions and meanings of Chinese words.This kind of differential use of Chinese characters is quite distinctive in comparison with the mixed use of Chinese characters of other Chinese textbooks written and published by other western scholars in the same period.These characteristics of using Chinese characters reflect the editor Léon Wieger’s deep understanding and conscious application of the ideographic attributes of Chinese characters,and are closely related to the understanding and grasp of Chinese and Chinese characters by non-native speakers,thus providing valuable materials for us to understand the relevant phenomena and use characteristics of Chinese characters in cross-linguistic and cross-cultural backgrounds.