从水土保持到全球气候变化:中国黄土研究70年

From water and soil conservation to global climate change:The studies of loess over the past seventy years in China

中国黄土独特的地层构造一直吸引着不同领域学者的注意。1949年后,黄土研究进入一个全新而系统的阶段。根据大量黄土研究材料,梳理了黄土研究在中国的发展脉络,总结了70年来黄土研究的重要成果。20世纪50—60年代的黄土普查获得了大量关于黄土地区的一手材料,陆续出版有重要影响力的黄土阶段性研究成果;20世纪70年代后,随着新技术与新方法的运用,黄土研究在内容与精度上不断得以丰富与完善;20世纪80年代至今,黄土高原水土流失综合治理研究取得诸多成果,更为重要的是,黄土地层记录的古气候密码逐渐被破解,成为理解全球气候变化的关键因素。在几代学者的共同努力下,中国黄土研究处于世界先进水平。

The unique stratigraphic structure of the loess in China has attracted the attention of studies of various countries and in various disciplines.The year of 1949 marks a new phase of the studies of the loess of more systematical nature.From the loess census in the 1950s and the 1960s, a large amount of first-hand materials is obtained about the loess areas, and several researches of loess of important influence were published in this period.In the 1970s, new scientific technologies and methods were developed, covering new areas and with improved precision.Since the 1980s, many achievements have been made in the comprehensive control of the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau, and more importantly, the results of the loess studies have been more and more used to understand the global climate change, with the decoding of the paleoclimate codes recorded in the loess strata.Through the joint efforts of several generations of scholars, the studies of the loess in China have reached the leading level in the world.