第一哲学为何是伦理学?——列维纳斯思想初探

Why the First Philosophy is Ethics: The Analysis of Levinas

按照西方哲学的传统,存在论是第一哲学。然而,在列维纳斯看来,此传统将导致一切他者的同一化以及神性的消失。只有生发于人们直接的面对面中的伦理学才真正地将他者保持为他者,同时开显出神性的维度。因此,第一哲学应当是伦理学。在与他者的照面中,他者的面容呼吁着“我”的“回应之责”。同时,主体作为臣属意义上的主体,它的唯一性也正是来自于对他者的回应。但是此回应、责任,却是在存在论上“无端”的。

According to the tradition of Western philosophy,ontology is the first philosophy.However,in Levinas’s view,this tradition will lead to the homogenization of all others and the disappearance of divinity.Only the ethics that arises in people’s direct face-to-face can truly keep the other as the other,while at the same time revealing the dimension of divinity.Therefore,the first philosophy should be ethics.In the face of the other,the face of the other called for my“responsibility to respond”.At the same time,the subject is the subject of the sense of result,and its uniqueness comes from the response to the other.However,this response and responsibility are“unprovoked”in the ontology.Try to sort out the above ideas through the preliminary analysis of Levinas’s Ethics as First Philosophy.