铜川市降尘污染变化规律与防治对策研究

Trends and countermeasures of dust pollution in Tongchuan City

基于1986-2018年铜川市降尘监测数据,分析了降尘浓度变化规律、清洁对照点设置和降尘来源。结果表明:1986-2018年,铜川市降尘浓度变化区间为7.2~53.33吨/平方公里·月,总体呈波动下降趋势,下降幅度为77.9%,2013-2018年降尘浓度持续下降;市委党校对照点已不具备清洁对照功能;铜川市降尘主要来源于外源性输入、工农业生产、煤炭使用和建筑施工等因素,防治重点时段为冬春两季,主要防治措施包括城市绿化率提高、能源消费结构优化、建筑工地扬尘管理和重点行业粉尘治理。

The dustfall concentration change,cleanness control point setup and dustfall source were analyzed based on the monitored dustall concentration in Tongchuan City from 1986 to 2018.The results show that,over the past 33 years,the dustfall concentration changes between 7.2 to 53.33 ton/(km 2 ·month) with a trend of fluctuating downward.The decline range is 77.9 %.From 2013 to 2018,the dustfall concentration keep falling.The control point in Municipal Party Committee has been invalid.The main sources of dustfall are exogenous input,industrial and agricultural production,coal use and construction.Spring and Winter are two key seasons for dusfall control.The main countermeasures include improvement of urban green cover ratio,optimization of energy consumption structure,control of dust pollution from constructing site and other key industries.