抗生素的不良反应及临床合理应用

Adverse Reactions of Antibiotics and Clinical Rational Application

目的研究抗生素的不良反应以及临床的合理应用。方法在2016年9月—2018年9月期间,方便选择90例使用抗生素不良反应的患者,对其相关的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果根据研究结果可知,在应用抗生素所导致的不良反应患者中,年龄段在13~34岁之间的患者,发生感染的例数为15例,发生的概率为16.67%;年龄段在35~54岁之间的患者,发生感染的例数为30例,发生的概率为33.33%;年龄段在55~75岁之间的患者,发生感染的例数为45例,发生的概率为50.00%,通过对比发现年龄段55~75岁的出现不良反应的人数比较多,明确高于其他年龄段(P<0.05);在常见的抗生素中,头孢菌素类药物的不良反应发生率为44.44%,明显高于其他种类的抗生素(P<0.05);在不良反应累及系统中,皮肤及其附件的不良反应发生率为36.67%,明显高于其他器官,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在临床用药中,需要合理应用抗生素,尽量减少不良反应的发生率。

Objective To study the adverse reactions of antibiotics and the rational application of clinical.Methods From September 2016 to September 2018,convenient selected 90 patients with adverse reactions to antibiotics were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results According to the results of the study,among the patients with adverse reactions caused by the application of antibiotics,the number of cases of infection between the ages of 13 and 34 was 15 cases and the probability of occurrence was 16.67%;the age range was 35 and 54,the number of infections was 30 cases,and the probability of occurrence was 33.33%.In patients between 55 and 75 years old,the number of infections was 45 cases,and the probability of occurrence was 50.00%,by comparison,the number of people with adverse reactions in the age group of 55-75 years was higher than that of other age groups(P<0.05);among the common antibiotics,the cephalosporin drugs were poor.The incidence of reaction was 44.44%,which was significantly higher than other types of antibiotics(P<0.05).In the adverse reaction system,the incidence of adverse reactions of skin and its attachments was 36.67%,significantly higher than other organs,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In clinical use,antibiotics should be applied reasonably to minimize the incidence of adverse reactions.